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Related Experiment Videos

Acute generalized, widespread bleeding. Diagnosis and management

E Rocha1, J A Páramo, R Montes

  • 1Department of Hematology, Clínica Universitaria, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. erocha@unav.es

Haematologica
|December 29, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a critical condition involving widespread bleeding and clotting. Early diagnosis and individualized treatment targeting the underlying cause are vital for managing this complex disorder.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Pathophysiology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a severe pathological process characterized by systemic thrombin and plasmin generation.
  • It leads to consumption of coagulation factors and platelets, resulting in diffuse hemorrhage and microthromboses.
  • DIC complicates the clinical course of numerous diseases, posing significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current diagnostic and treatment strategies for overt disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
  • To emphasize the importance of differential diagnosis from other bleeding disorders.
  • To present updated concepts on DIC pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of articles from MedLine, high-impact journals, and relevant textbooks on hemostasis and thrombosis.

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  • Synthesis of experimental and clinical data from authors' long-standing work in the field.
  • Analysis of current literature on the diagnosis and management of DIC.

    • Main Results:

    • DIC is a complex intermediary mechanism of disease with high mortality due to hemorrhage and organ damage from thrombosis.
    • Rapid diagnosis is achievable with screening assays, though complex assays may not be universally available.
    • Management involves treating the underlying disease, supportive care, and individualized control of coagulation.

    Conclusions:

    • Accurate differential diagnosis is crucial, excluding conditions like primary hyperfibrinolysis and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.
    • Individualized therapy based on DIC nature and clinical severity is essential.
    • New therapeutic approaches are needed for this potentially catastrophic syndrome.