Gadolinium chloride toxicity in the mouse

Area of Science:

• Toxicology
• Biomedical Sciences
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Gadolinium-containing compounds are widely used as contrast agents in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
• Understanding the toxicological profile of gadolinium is essential for ensuring patient safety.
• Previous studies have indicated potential toxic effects of gadolinium compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the toxicological effects of a single intravenous injection of gadolinium chloride in CD-1 mice.
• To establish a dose-response relationship for gadolinium chloride toxicity.
• To inform the safety assessment of gadolinium-based contrast agents.

Main Methods:

• Groups of male and female CD-1 mice were administered single intravenous doses of gadolinium chloride (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 mmol/kg).
• Animals were necropsied 48 hours post-dose for plasma analysis and histopathological examination.
• Biochemical markers of organ damage and tissue lesions were assessed.

Main Results:

• Elevated plasma levels of lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase were observed at higher doses.
• Cholesterol and globulin levels were altered in a dose-dependent manner.
• Histological examination revealed dose-related lesions including mineral emboli, hepatocellular necrosis, and splenic abnormalities.

Conclusions:

• Gadolinium chloride induces significant, dose-dependent toxicological effects in mice.
• Observed lesions, including mineral deposition and organ damage, highlight potential risks.
• These findings underscore the importance of careful toxicological evaluation for gadolinium-based contrast agents in MRI.