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Mandibular overdentures supported by two or four endosteal implants. A prospective, comparative study

R H Batenburg1, G M Raghoebar, R P Van Oort

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Maxillofacial Prosthetics, University Hospital Groningen, The Netherlands. batenbur@worldonline.nl

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
|December 30, 1998
PubMed
Summary

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This study found that two endosteal implants provide similar peri-implant tissue health as four implants for mandibular overdentures. Fewer implants may be sufficient for stable and healthy overdenture support.

Area of Science:

  • Dental Implantology
  • Prosthodontics
  • Periodontology

Background:

  • Edentulism affects mandibular bone structure, necessitating prosthetic rehabilitation.
  • Mandibular overdentures supported by implants offer improved function and patient satisfaction.
  • The optimal number of implants for mandibular overdenture support is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the peri-implant tissue conditions in patients with mandibular overdentures supported by two versus four endosteal implants.
  • To evaluate clinical and radiographic parameters around implants supporting mandibular overdentures over a 12-month period.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective randomized study involving 60 edentulous patients (Cawood class V-VI).
  • Patients received either a two-implant (Group A) or four-implant (Group B) supported mandibular overdenture with bar and clip attachments.

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  • Clinical and radiographic evaluations were conducted at baseline, 6, and 12 months post-insertion.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant differences were observed in peri-implant tissue parameters between the two-implant and four-implant groups.
    • No significant differences were found between lateral and central implants in the four-implant group.
    • No adverse sensory changes (lip or chin) were reported by patients in either group.

    Conclusions:

    • Two endosteal implants appear sufficient to support a mandibular overdenture without compromising peri-implant tissue health.
    • Further long-term prospective studies are recommended to confirm these findings.
    • This suggests a potentially simplified and cost-effective treatment approach for mandibular overdentures.