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Pigmented atypical fibroxanthoma

C Diaz-Cascajo1, S Borghi, M Bonczkowitz

  • 1Centre for Dermatopathology, Freiburg, Germany.

Histopathology
|December 31, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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A rare pigmented variant of atypical fibroxanthoma can mimic malignant melanoma. This study identified four cases, noting erythrophagocytosis and specific immunohistochemical markers, distinguishing it from melanoma.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatopathology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) is a rare skin neoplasm.
  • Pigmented variants of AFX can be diagnostically challenging.
  • Distinguishing AFX from malignant melanoma is crucial for appropriate patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight a pigmented variant of atypical fibroxanthoma.
  • To describe its clinical and histopathological features.
  • To differentiate it from malignant melanoma.

Main Methods:

  • Review of 38 atypical fibroxanthoma cases for pigmented areas.
  • Histopathological examination including erythrophagocytosis and haemosiderin pigment.
  • Immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies for neoplastic cells and melanocytic markers.

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Main Results:

  • Four cases of pigmented atypical fibroxanthoma were identified.
  • Neoplastic cells exhibited erythrophagocytosis and cytoplasmic haemosiderin.
  • Immunohistochemistry showed positivity for vimentin and CD68, but negativity for melanocytic markers (S100, HMB45, NK1-C3).

Conclusions:

  • Pigmented atypical fibroxanthoma is an under-recognized entity.
  • It can be mistaken for malignant melanoma due to overlapping features.
  • This report is the first to describe erythrophagocytosis in atypical fibroxanthoma.