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Related Experiment Videos

Relationship between composite matrix molecular structure and properties

K W Davy1, S Kalachandra, M S Pandain

  • 1IRC in Biomedical Materials, University of London, Department of Biomaterials in Relation to Dentistry, St. Bartholomews and the Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, UK.

Biomaterials
|December 31, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Novel dimethacrylate monomers were synthesized for dental composites. These monomers exhibit lower viscosity due to hydrogen bonding, reducing polymerization shrinkage by approximately 10% and diluent needs.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Dental composites rely on monomer phase properties for performance.
  • Bis-GMA is a common but high-viscosity monomer, often requiring diluents like TEGDMA.
  • Reducing viscosity and polymerization shrinkage are key goals in dental composite development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize novel dimethacrylate esters for dental composite applications.
  • To investigate the relationship between molecular structure and viscosity in these new monomers.
  • To evaluate the potential of these monomers to reduce polymerization shrinkage in dental composites.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of dimethacrylate esters via reaction of glycidyl methacrylate with phthalic, isophthalic, and terephthalic acids.

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  • Characterization of reaction products as isomer mixtures.
  • Viscosity measurements and correlation with molecular structure, particularly intramolecular hydrogen bonding.
  • Formulation of dental composite systems and measurement of polymerization shrinkage.

    • Main Results:

    • Three novel dimethacrylate ester monomers were successfully synthesized.
    • Monomers derived from phthalic and isophthalic acids showed low viscosity, attributed to intramolecular hydrogen bonding.
    • Reduced diluent (TEGDMA) was required for target viscosities, leading to a ~10% decrease in polymerization shrinkage compared to BisGMA/TEGDMA systems.
    • Key properties of both monomer and polymer systems were evaluated for dental composite suitability.

    Conclusions:

    • Novel low-viscosity dimethacrylate monomers can be synthesized for dental composites.
    • Intramolecular hydrogen bonding is effective in reducing monomer viscosity.
    • These new monomers offer a promising strategy for reducing polymerization shrinkage in dental composites.