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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen. Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or quantified.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Published on: September 7, 2018

A galactosidase immunosorbent test for human immunoglobulin E

J K Weltman, A R Frackelton, R P Szaro

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

|September 1, 1976

Summary

A new galactosidase-immunosorbent test (GIST) accurately measures immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody levels. This non-radioactive method offers a simple, cost-effective alternative for quantifying IgE in human serum.

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Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

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Immunoglobulin G N-Glycan Analysis by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Immunoglobulin G N-Glycan Analysis by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Published on: January 18, 2020

Area of Science:

Immunology
Biochemistry
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays

Background:

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) plays a crucial role in allergic reactions.
Accurate quantification of IgE is essential for diagnosing and managing allergic diseases.
Existing methods like radioimmunoassay (RIA) can be costly and involve radioactive materials.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel, non-isotopic assay for quantifying human serum IgE.
To establish a simple and cost-effective method for IgE detection.
To validate the performance of the new assay against established methods.

Main Methods:

Development of a galactosidase-immunosorbent test (GIST) using enzyme-linked antibodies.
Sequential incubation of cellulose discs with patient serum, anti-IgE, and a beta-D-galactoside galactohydrolase conjugate.
Colorimetric assay for quantifying bound enzyme, correlating with IgE concentration.

Main Results:

The GIST accurately quantifies IgE from 1.0 to 25 ng per test.
Demonstrated a high linear correlation (r=0.97) with radioimmunoassay (RIA) results for IgE.
Showed potential for non-isotopic measurement of specific IgE antibodies, such as ragweed-specific IgE.

Conclusions:

The GIST provides a simple, reliable, and non-isotopic method for IgE quantification.
This assay avoids the need for radioisotopes and expensive detection equipment.
The GIST is a promising alternative for clinical diagnostics and research involving IgE.