One step towards the understanding of hope: a concept analysis

Hope is an essential concept in nursing which has not been satisfactorily explored. The purpose of this article is to elucidate the concept of hope, using a technique of concept analysis described by Walker and Avant (1995). The critical attributes revealed were; future-orientation, positive expectation, intentionality, activity, realism, goal-setting, and inter-connectedness. Various illustrative cases are presented as well as antecedents and outcomes. The discussion highlights some critical aspects of the method used and the results of this analysis may serve as a guide for further empirical research. In order to grasp the true nature of hope, complementary research studies employing a variety of methodological approaches are needed.