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Asthma, wheezy bronchitis, and atopy across two generations

G L Christie1, P J Helms, D J Godden

  • 1Department of Thoracic Medicine, Aberdeen Royal Hospitals NHS Trust, Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland.

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|January 5, 1999
PubMed
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Wheezy bronchitis appears to be a distinct condition from asthma, with affected children showing better outcomes. Increased asthma prevalence may be linked to specific IgE sensitization in individuals previously at low risk.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and immunology of respiratory diseases
  • Pediatric respiratory medicine
  • Epidemiology of asthma and allergic diseases

Background:

  • Rising asthma prevalence over 30 years raises questions about its genetic and population-specific drivers.
  • Previous studies characterized families based on childhood asthma, wheezy bronchitis, or no respiratory issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the familial aggregation and distinctness of wheezy bronchitis compared to atopic asthma.
  • To identify genetic predispositions and risk factors contributing to increased asthma prevalence.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of children from nuclear families with probands previously categorized by respiratory history.
  • Assessment of symptomatic outcomes in adolescence, total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, and allergic sensitization markers (skin prick tests, specific IgE).

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Children of wheezy bronchitis probands had significantly better adolescent outcomes than children of asthmatic or asymptomatic probands.
  • Wheezy bronchitis appears to be a familial syndrome distinct from asthma, regardless of parental atopy.
  • High total serum IgE is a marker for genetic predisposition to atopy; increased asthma prevalence is linked to specific IgE sensitization in previously low-risk individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Wheezy bronchitis is a separate syndrome from atopic asthma, characterized by familial aggregation and distinct outcomes.
  • High total serum IgE levels indicate a genetic predisposition to atopy.
  • The rise in asthma prevalence is associated with specific IgE sensitization, affecting individuals previously considered at low risk for asthma and atopy.