Akinetic mutism: a report of three cases

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Neuroscience

Background:

• Akinetic mutism is a syndrome of profound psychomotor arrest with preserved consciousness.
• Understanding the neuroanatomical correlates of akinetic mutism is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Observation:

• Reported are three distinct cases of akinetic mutism.
• Case 1 involved bipallidal necrosis.
• Case 2 presented with left pallidal necrosis and right frontoparietal infarction.
• Case 3 showed left striato-capsular infarction with obstructive hydrocephalus.

Findings:

• Lesions in the globus pallidus and striato-capsular regions were identified in the cases.
• The findings suggest a link between these basal ganglia structures and the manifestation of akinetic mutism.
• Specific patterns of infarction and necrosis correlate with the clinical syndrome.

Implications:

• This study underscores the critical role of the globus pallidus and associated prefrontostriatal circuits in voluntary movement initiation.
• The results contribute to the understanding of the pathophysiology of akinetic mutism.
• Further research into these circuits may reveal novel therapeutic targets.