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Related Experiment Videos

Pulmonary sarcomas in a young chicken

S Hafner1, M A Goodwin, E J Smith

  • 1USDA, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Eastern Laboratory, Russell Research Center, Athens, GA 30604, USA.

Avian Diseases
|January 7, 1999
PubMed
Summary

A study found that tumors in a broiler chicken's lungs were sarcomas. These avian leukosis virus (ALV-J) associated tumors originated from primitive mesenchymal cells.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Virology

Background:

  • Miliary, round, white tumors were observed in the lungs of a 5-week-old broiler chicken.
  • Tumor cell morphology was characterized by compactly arranged cells with round to oval nuclei and indistinct cytoplasmic borders.

Observation:

  • Immunohistochemistry revealed tumor cells were positive for vimentin but negative for cytokeratin, S-100 protein, neuron-specific enolase, smooth muscle actin, and muscle-specific actin.
  • Ultrastructural examination showed tumor cells separated by collagen bands, with some containing collagen fibrils.

Findings:

  • The microscopic and ultrastructural findings suggest the sarcomas originated from primitive mesenchymal cells, possibly interstitial cells or fibroblasts.
  • DNA analysis confirmed the presence of sequences specific for subgroup J avian leukosis viruses (ALV-J) in both the tumors and surrounding lung tissue.

Implications:

  • This case highlights a potential link between ALV-J infection and sarcoma development in broiler chickens.
  • Understanding the cellular origin and viral association of these tumors is crucial for diagnosing and managing avian neoplasms.

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