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A novel sensitive and selective bioassay for human type I interferons

J G Files1, J L Gray, L T Do

  • 1Berlex Laboratories, Inc., Richmond, CA 94804-0099, USA. jim_files@berlex.com

Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research : the Official Journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research
|January 7, 1999
PubMed
Summary

A new MxA gene assay accurately measures type I interferons (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) using cultured human cells. This specific, sensitive method also quantifies anti-interferon-beta neutralizing antibodies in human sera.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Type I interferons (IFN-alpha, IFN-beta) are crucial for antiviral immunity.
  • Accurate and specific assays are needed to quantify type I IFN activity.
  • Existing assays may lack specificity or sensitivity for type I IFNs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel assay for quantifying type I interferons.
  • To establish an assay based on the specific induction of the MxA gene.
  • To adapt the assay for measuring anti-IFN-beta neutralizing antibodies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized cultured human cells for MxA gene induction.
  • Employed immunologic measurement of accumulated intracellular MxA protein.
  • Validated the assay for a specific concentration range (0.1-30 IU/ml).

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Main Results:

  • The MxA gene-induction assay specifically detects type I IFNs (IFN-alpha, IFN-beta).
  • The assay demonstrated high specificity, reliability, and sensitivity.
  • Type II IFN and other cytokines were not significantly detected.
  • The assay successfully measured anti-IFN-beta neutralizing antibody titers.

Conclusions:

  • The MxA gene-induction assay is a novel, specific, and sensitive method for type I interferon detection.
  • This assay offers advantages over existing methods for type I IFN quantification.
  • The assay is a valuable tool for research and clinical applications, including antibody titer measurement.