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Characterization of three co-circulating genotypes of the small hydrophobic protein gene of mumps virus
T Tecle1, B Johansson, A Jejcic
1Huddinge University Hospital, Department of Clinical Virology, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
Abstract:
Eighteen virus isolates and 22 serum samples collected between 1971 and 1997 from patients with mumps were genotyped by PCR with specific primer pairs for the A, C and D genotypes of the small hydrophobic (SH) protein gene. All serum samples were subjected to nucleotide sequence analysis of the gene, and the deduced 57-amino-acid sequences were aligned with previously published sequences from the USA, Canada, Portugal, the UK, France, Germany, Switzerland, Denmark, Sweden, Russia, China and Japan. The existence of six genotypes of the SH protein gene, named A to F, was confirmed. In the Stockholm area, co-circulation of genotypes A, C and D at different times was found. There was a striking difference in genotype between the virus isolates and the serum samples. The 18 virus isolates represented genotypes C and D, whereas the 22 serum samples contained genotype A. In most cases, the amino acid sequences of the 22 genotype A specimens were identical to the previously described SBL-1 strain of genotype A. Genotypes C and D were always associated with meningitis, and in some cases parotitis, whereas infection with genotype A most often resulted in parotitis and seldom in meningitis.
Insights
Mumps virus genotyping revealed distinct circulating strains. Genotype A was found in serum samples, while genotypes C and D were isolated from patients, with different associated symptoms.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Molecular Biology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Mumps is a contagious viral illness caused by the mumps virus.
- The small hydrophobic (SH) protein gene is a key target for mumps virus genotyping.
- Understanding genotype distribution is crucial for tracking viral evolution and spread.
Purpose of the Study:
- To genotype mumps virus isolates and serum samples collected over a significant period.
- To analyze the genetic diversity of the SH protein gene in mumps virus.
- To correlate specific mumps virus genotypes with clinical manifestations.
Main Methods:
- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with genotype-specific primers for SH protein gene.
- Nucleotide sequence analysis of the SH protein gene from serum samples.
- Amino acid sequence alignment with global mumps virus strains.
Main Results:
- Confirmed the existence of six mumps virus SH protein gene genotypes (A-F).
- Observed co-circulation of genotypes A, C, and D in the Stockholm area.
- Found a significant divergence: virus isolates were genotype C/D, while serum samples were genotype A.
- Genotypes C and D were linked to meningitis, whereas genotype A was primarily associated with parotitis.
Conclusions:
- Mumps virus exhibits significant genetic diversity with distinct genotype distributions in clinical samples.
- Genotype A, prevalent in serum samples, was associated with parotitis.
- Genotypes C and D, found in virus isolates, were linked to meningitis, indicating genotype-specific clinical outcomes.