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Negative aging stereotypes and the agentic-communal dichotomy

N M Hale1, J Hewitt

  • 1University of Missouri-Kansas City 64110, USA.

Perceptual and Motor Skills
|January 13, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Young adults may hold negative aging stereotypes, particularly attributing agentic traits to older individuals in certain roles. Communal traits showed no age-related differences in this study.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Negative aging stereotypes are prevalent in research.
  • Stereotypes may depend on specific trait dimensions and social roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if negative aging stereotypes are contingent on trait type (agentic vs. communal) and social roles.
  • To examine how college students perceive older versus younger individuals based on these factors.

Main Methods:

  • 42 college students rated agentic and communal traits for hypothetical younger (23) and older (65) roommates and professors.
  • Trait ratings were compared across age groups and role conditions.

Main Results:

  • Younger individuals were rated as more agentic than older individuals for the roommate role.
  • No significant age differences were found for communal traits.
  • Role effects were observed for agentic traits, but not communal traits.

Conclusions:

  • Negative aging stereotypes, specifically regarding agentic traits, may be role-dependent.
  • Older adults might be perceived more negatively when agentic traits are considered in specific contexts like retirement.
  • Communal traits do not appear to be subject to similar age-based stereotyping.

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