Related Experiment Videos
Interleukin-8 serum levels in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer
R W Veltri1, M C Miller, G Zhao
1UroScience Group, UroCor, Inc., Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, USA.
Objectives:
Using arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR) ribonucleic acid (RNA) fingerprinting, we discovered a messenger RNA (mRNA) that encoded the cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) that was up-regulated in the peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) of patients with metastatic prostate cancer (CaP) compared with similar cells from healthy individuals. We compared the total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, the free/total (f/t) PSA ratios, and the immunoreactive IL-8 serum concentrations in patients with either biopsy-confirmed benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or CaP.
Methods:
The sera from 35 apparently healthy normal volunteers and 146 patients with biopsy-confirmed BPH and CaP obtained from two academic centers were retrospectively examined to determine the serum levels of IL-8, total PSA (tPSA), and the f/t PSA ratio. Logistic regression and trend analysis statistical methods were used to assess the results.
Results:
Normals (n = 35), BPH patients (n = 53), patients with clinical Stages A to C CaP (n = 81), and patients with metastatic CaP (n = 1 2) had mean levels of IL-8 of 6.8, 6.5, 15.6, and 27.8 pg/mL, respectively. The IL-8 serum concentrations correlated with increasing CaP stage and also differentiated BPH from clinical Stages A, B, C, or D CaP better than tPSA and performed similarly to the f/t PSA ratio. The combination of the IL-8 levels and f/t PSA ratios using multivariate logistic regression analysis distinguished BPH from Stages A, B, C, or D CaP or only Stages A and B with a receiver operating characteristic area under the curve of 89.8% and 87.5%, respectively (P <0.0001).
Conclusions:
The IL-8 serum concentration in our clinically well-defined patient sample was independent of the f/t PSA ratio as a predictor of CaP. When test samples are controlled for extraneous clinical origin of inflammation or infection, the combination of the IL-8 and f/t PSA assay results may offer an improved approach for distinguishing BPH from CaP.
Insights
Interleukin-8 (IL-8) serum levels are elevated in prostate cancer (CaP) patients, correlating with disease stage. Combining IL-8 with the free/total prostate-specific antigen (f/t PSA) ratio may improve differentiation between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and CaP.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Prostate cancer (CaP) diagnosis can be challenging, often requiring differentiation from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
- Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a cytokine implicated in inflammatory responses.
- Current biomarkers like prostate-specific antigen (PSA) have limitations in specificity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the diagnostic potential of IL-8 serum concentrations in distinguishing CaP from BPH.
- To evaluate the correlation of IL-8 levels with CaP stage.
- To assess the combined diagnostic utility of IL-8 and f/t PSA ratio.
Main Methods:
- Serum samples from healthy individuals, BPH patients, and CaP patients were analyzed.
- Measurements included IL-8, total PSA (tPSA), and free/total PSA (f/t PSA) ratio.
- Statistical analyses employed logistic regression and trend analysis.
Main Results:
- Elevated IL-8 serum concentrations were observed in CaP patients compared to healthy individuals and BPH patients.
- IL-8 levels positively correlated with increasing CaP stage.
- The combination of IL-8 and f/t PSA ratio demonstrated high accuracy in differentiating BPH from CaP.
Conclusions:
- IL-8 serum concentration is a potential independent biomarker for CaP.
- The combined use of IL-8 and f/t PSA ratio may enhance the diagnostic accuracy for CaP detection.
- Controlling for inflammation is crucial when utilizing IL-8 as a biomarker.