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Analytic calculation of physiological acid-base parameters in plasma

E W Wooten1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|January 14, 1999
PubMed
Summary

This study derives analytic expressions for key acid-base parameters like base excess and strong-ion difference. It clarifies how these metrics behave under disturbances with constant or variable buffer concentrations.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Physiology
  • Medical Chemistry

Background:

  • Accurate assessment of acid-base balance is crucial in clinical settings.
  • Existing methods for evaluating acid-base status can be complex and require interpretation.
  • Understanding the interplay of buffer ions and pH is fundamental to acid-base physiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive analytic expressions for plasma acid-base parameters.
  • To investigate the behavior of these parameters under varying buffer ion concentrations and acid-base disturbances.
  • To establish relationships between total titratable base, base excess (DeltaCB), strong-ion difference (DeltaSID), and Van Slyke standard bicarbonate (DeltaVSSB).

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of analytic expressions relating acid-base parameters to pH, buffer ion concentration, and equilibrium constants.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of parameter behavior under simulated respiratory and metabolic acid-base disturbances.
  • Consideration of both constant and variable noncarbonate buffer ion concentrations.

    • Main Results:

    • Analytic expressions were successfully derived for plasma total titratable base, base excess (DeltaCB), strong-ion difference (DeltaSID), and change in Van Slyke standard bicarbonate (DeltaVSSB).
    • Under constant noncarbonate buffer concentrations, DeltaSID, DeltaCB, and DeltaVSSB were found to be equal.
    • These equalities were not maintained when noncarbonate buffer concentrations changed, but were restored by adjusting the reference state.

    Conclusions:

    • The derived analytic expressions provide a quantitative framework for understanding acid-base parameters.
    • The study highlights the critical influence of buffer ion concentration dynamics on the relationships between key acid-base variables.
    • Adjusting the reference state is essential for maintaining the equivalence of DeltaSID, DeltaCB, and DeltaVSSB when buffer concentrations fluctuate.