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Related Experiment Videos

Leukocyte function in chronic myeloproliferative disorders

B Wolach1, R Gavrieli, Y Manor

  • 1Department of Pediatric Hematology Clinic, Meir General Hospital, Tel-Aviv University, Israel.

Blood Cells, Molecules & Diseases
|January 15, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Neutrophil function is impaired in myeloproliferative disorders (MPD) like polycythemia vera and chronic myeloid leukemia, but not essential thrombocytosis. Treatment may also affect neutrophil function, potentially increasing infection risk in MPD patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Myeloproliferative disorders (MPD) are clonal stem cell diseases affecting myeloid lineage, causing proliferative and functional impairments.
  • Neutrophil dysfunction may contribute to occasional infections observed in MPD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and compare neutrophil function (chemotaxis, random migration, bactericidal activity, superoxide anion release) in patients with polycythemia vera (PV), idiopathic myelofibrosis (MF), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and essential thrombocytosis (ET).
  • To compare neutrophil function in MPD patients against healthy controls.
  • To assess the impact of treatment, specifically hydrea, on neutrophil function.

Main Methods:

  • Simultaneous comparison of neutrophil chemotaxis, random migration, bactericidal activity, and superoxide anion release in 31 MPD patients and 31 healthy controls.

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  • Analysis included patients with PV, MF, CML, and ET.
  • Assessment of serum lysozyme levels in CML patients and evaluation of hydrea treatment effects.

    • Main Results:

    • Neutrophil chemotactic activity was significantly impaired in PV and CML patients compared to controls.
    • Bactericidal activity was generally normal, with enhanced serum lytic effect in CML possibly due to high lysozyme.
    • Superoxide anion release was normal in most patients, but impaired in 25% of PV patients. Hydrea treatment significantly reduced neutrophil chemotactic activity.

    Conclusions:

    • Neutrophil function, particularly chemotaxis, is disturbed in various MPDs (PV, MF, CML), but not ET, likely reflecting abnormal stem cell maturation.
    • Therapy, such as hydrea, can significantly affect neutrophil function, warranting further investigation.
    • Impaired phagocytic function may contribute to infection susceptibility in MPD patients.