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Related Experiment Videos

Twinning and anencephaly

W H James

    Annals of Human Biology
    |September 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Anencephaly (a severe birth defect) is more common in same-sex twins, especially identical twins, compared to singletons. Concordance rates in twins are similar to recurrence risks.

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    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive Medicine
    • Medical Genetics
    • Developmental Biology

    Background:

    • Anencephaly is a severe neural tube defect.
    • Twin studies offer unique insights into genetic and environmental factors in congenital anomalies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review existing literature and present new data on anencephaly in twins.
    • To compare anencephaly rates and concordance in different twin types.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of anencephaly in twin series.
    • Analysis of unpublished twin data.
    • Comparison of rates between singleton and twin births, and between same-sex and opposite-sex twins.

    Main Results:

    • Anencephaly rates in opposite-sex twins are similar to singletons.

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  • Anencephaly incidence is higher in same-sex twins, particularly monozygotic (MZ) twins.
  • MZ twin pairs have an estimated 1 2/3 times higher likelihood of anencephaly compared to other individuals.
  • Twin concordance rates for anencephaly are comparable to recurrence risks and higher in same-sex pairs.

    • Conclusions:

    • Anencephaly exhibits higher incidence and concordance in same-sex and MZ twin pairs.
    • The findings support a genetic component influenced by zygosity and sex-specific factors in anencephaly.