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Recurrence of gestational diabetes
K A Foster-Powell1, N W Cheung
1Wentworth Area Diabetes Service, Penrith, New South Wales.
The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
|January 16, 1999
Summary
Gestational diabetes frequently recurs in subsequent pregnancies, with a 70% recurrence rate observed. Older maternal age and insulin use during the first instance are key predictors for recurrence.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects a significant number of pregnancies.
- Understanding GDM recurrence is crucial for maternal and fetal health management.
- Previous studies have indicated potential risk factors for GDM recurrence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the recurrence rate of gestational diabetes in a subsequent pregnancy.
- To identify factors associated with the recurrence of gestational diabetes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 540 women diagnosed with GDM between 1990 and 1996.
- Analysis of data from 117 women who had a subsequent pregnancy.
- Application of specific diagnostic criteria for GDM recurrence based on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results.
Main Results:
- A high recurrence rate of 70% for GDM was observed in subsequent pregnancies.
- The Australian Diabetes in Pregnancy Society (ADIPS) criteria identified a 62.4% recurrence rate.
- Strong predictors for recurrence included older maternal age and insulin requirement during the index pregnancy.
Conclusions:
- Gestational diabetes exhibits a high recurrence rate.
- Maternal age, need for insulin, country of birth, higher OGTT values, BMI, and inter-pregnancy weight gain are associated with GDM recurrence.
- These findings highlight the need for vigilant monitoring in subsequent pregnancies.