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Pancytopenia in Zimbabwe

D G Savage1, R H Allen, I T Gangaidzo

  • 1Department of Haematology, University of Zimbabwe School of Medicine, Harare. savage@cuccfa.ccc.columbia.edu

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences
|January 19, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Megaloblastic anemia, aplastic anemia, and AIDS are leading causes of pancytopenia in Zimbabwe. Aplasia frequently causes severe pancytopenia, prompting new diagnostic guidelines for affected patients.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Pancytopenia lacks systematic clinical study.
  • Optimal diagnostic approaches for pancytopenia are undefined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical spectrum of pancytopenia.
  • To define diagnostic guidelines for pancytopenia in Zimbabwe.

Main Methods:

  • A study of 134 hospitalized pancytopenic patients in Zimbabwe.
  • Inclusion of both consecutive and nonconsecutive patient data.

Main Results:

  • Megaloblastic anemia, aplastic anemia, and AIDS were common pancytopenia causes.
  • Aplastic anemia was the most frequent cause of severe pancytopenia.

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  • Distinct patient demographics and blood morphology findings were observed across etiologies.

    • Conclusions:

    • Megaloblastic anemia, aplastic anemia, and AIDS are primary causes of pancytopenia in Zimbabwe.
    • Aplasia is the leading cause of severe pancytopenia.
    • Tentative diagnostic guidelines for pancytopenia in this region were developed.