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Rothia dentocariosa endocarditis and aortic root abscess

V Ferraz1, K McCarthy, D Smith

  • 1Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, South African Institute for Medical Research and University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.

The Journal of Infection
|January 19, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Rothia dentocariosa can cause endocarditis and paravalvular abscesses, sometimes resistant to antibiotics. Penicillin is often effective, but surgery may be needed for abscesses, as outcomes can be fatal.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Rothia dentocariosa, previously considered non-pathogenic, is an emerging cause of infective endocarditis.
  • Endocarditis requires prompt diagnosis and effective treatment to prevent severe complications.

Observation:

  • A case of endocarditis with a paravalvular abscess caused by Rothia dentocariosa is presented.
  • This specific case did not respond to initial antibiotic therapy.

Findings:

  • Literature review reveals nine previous cases of Rothia dentocariosa endocarditis.
  • Rothia dentocariosa isolates demonstrated extreme sensitivity to penicillin.
  • Eight of nine patients in the literature responded to penicillin, often combined with an aminoglycoside.

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Implications:

  • While penicillin is effective in most cases, antibiotic resistance can occur.
  • Surgical intervention is recommended for associated paravalvular abscesses.
  • The high fatality rate in cases with abscesses underscores the need for timely surgical consideration.