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Targeted cancer chemotherapy for VX2 tumour implanted in the colon with lipiodol as a carrier
1First Department of Surgery, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Japan.
Abstract:
In this study, we examined the possibility of targeting drug delivery to tumours by dissolving the cytotoxic drug in a lipid fluid that is selectively deposited in tumours. Rabbits bearing VX2 tumour 10-20 mm in diameter in the large bowel received arterial injections of 0.2 ml of mitomycin C (MMC) dissolved in Lipiodol (MMC/Lipiodol), and the antitumour activity and adverse effects were examined. One week after treatment complete necrosis of the tumour was observed in 8 of 10 rabbits that received MMC/Lipiodol (3 mg/ml) without severe adverse effects on the surrounding caecum. In comparison 3/12 control animals that received MMC in saline and Lipiodol also showed complete necrosis. 6 of 7 rabbits killed eight weeks after the injection of MMC/Lipiodol were cured, with no viable tumour cells and with a normal appearance of the surrounding large bowel. In conclusion, MMC dissolved in Lipiodol may be adaptable for the treatment of colon cancer and may achieve antitumour activity without severe adverse effects.
Insights
Lipiodol, a lipid-based drug carrier, effectively targets colon tumors when loaded with mitomycin C (MMC). This novel drug delivery method shows significant tumor necrosis and long-term cure rates in rabbits with minimal adverse effects.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
- Drug Delivery
Background:
- Targeted drug delivery aims to increase therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity.
- Lipid-based formulations offer potential for selective accumulation in tumor tissues.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the anti-tumor activity and safety of mitomycin C (MMC) dissolved in Lipiodol for targeted delivery to VX2 tumors in rabbits.
- To assess the potential of Lipiodol as a vehicle for localized chemotherapy in colorectal cancer models.
Main Methods:
- VX2 tumors were established in rabbits' large bowels.
- Arterial injections of mitomycin C/Lipiodol (MMC/Lipiodol) were administered.
- Tumor response, including necrosis and viable cell count, and adverse effects were assessed.
Main Results:
- Complete tumor necrosis was observed in 80% of rabbits treated with MMC/Lipiodol within one week.
- No severe adverse effects on the surrounding tissue were noted.
- A cure rate of approximately 86% was achieved by eight weeks post-treatment, with no viable tumor cells detected.
Conclusions:
- Mitomycin C dissolved in Lipiodol demonstrates significant anti-tumor efficacy for colon cancer treatment in a rabbit model.
- Lipiodol facilitates targeted drug delivery, achieving tumor necrosis and long-term remission with an acceptable safety profile.
- This approach holds promise for improving colorectal cancer therapy through localized chemotherapy.