Eating disorders among athletes. Research and recommendations

Area of Science:

• Sports Medicine
• Psychiatry
• Eating Disorders

Background:

• Certain sports emphasizing leanness (gymnastics, wrestling, figure skating, diving, ballet) are known risk factors for eating disorders in athletes.
• Limited research exists on the prevalence and risk of eating disorder symptoms in athletes participating in weight and strength training.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the risk of eating disorders in athletes, particularly in sports emphasizing leanness.
• To underscore the importance of immediate attention for even mild eating disorder variants in athletes.
• To provide practical guidance for coaches and trainers in identifying and addressing eating disorders.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing research on eating disorders in athletes.
• Identification of sports with high-risk profiles.
• Outline of physical, psychological, and behavioral indicators of eating disorders.

Main Results:

• Athletes in sports prioritizing leanness demonstrate a significant risk for developing eating disorders.
• Mild forms of eating disorders in athletes require prompt medical and psychological intervention.
• Early detection of symptoms is vital for mitigating negative health and performance consequences.

Conclusions:

• Eating disorders pose a serious threat to athlete well-being and competitive ability.
• Coaches and trainers play a critical role in the early detection and management of eating disorders.
• A proactive approach involving education and intervention strategies is necessary to support athletes' mental and physical health.