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Related Experiment Videos

Morphological and physical basis for lung surfactant action

R J Sanderson, G W Paul, A E Vatter

    Respiration Physiology
    |September 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Lung surfactant acts as an anti-glue, preventing lung tissues from sticking together. This abhesive function is explained by surface tension principles and the spreading coefficient, reconciling with alveolar wall behavior at low lung volumes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonary Physiology
    • Surface Chemistry
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • Lung surfactant's role in reducing surface tension is well-established.
    • Alveolar walls unfold at low lung volumes, a phenomenon requiring explanation.
    • Existing models may not fully account for the adhesive forces within the lung.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose an abhesive (anti-glue) function for lung surfactant.
    • To reconcile this function with the mechanical behavior of alveolar walls at low lung volumes.
    • To apply surface physical chemistry principles to lung physiology.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a theory based on the work required to separate wetted surfaces being proportional to surface tension.
    • Applied the concept of the spreading coefficient (S = gamma_t - (gamma_la + gamma_ll)) from surface chemistry.

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  • Qualitatively analyzed physiological data from lung maneuvers using fluids with varying surface tensions and spreading properties.

    • Main Results:

    • The proposed abhesive function of lung surfactant is consistent with observed alveolar wall unfolding.
    • The spreading coefficient model qualitatively explains physiological data.
    • Surface tension and spreading properties of working fluids significantly impact lung mechanics.

    Conclusions:

    • Lung surfactant possesses an 'anti-glue' function crucial for lung mechanics.
    • Surface chemistry principles, specifically the spreading coefficient, provide a framework for understanding this function.
    • This abhesive role helps explain alveolar wall behavior during lung volume changes.