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The epidermis in thyroid disease

P J Holt, J Lazarus, R Marks

    The British Journal of Dermatology
    |November 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Thyroid hormones significantly impact skin. Thyrotoxicosis (overactive thyroid) increases epidermal cell division and anabolic activity, while hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) reduces epidermal thickness and rete pattern.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Endocrinology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in regulating metabolic processes throughout the body.
    • Skin manifestations are common in thyroid dysfunction, but the specific effects on epidermal cell dynamics are not fully elucidated.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism on epidermal dimensions, cell replication, and anabolic activity.
    • To correlate observed epidermal changes with the degree of thyroid gland activity.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied 13 patients with thyrotoxicosis and 7 with hypothyroidism.
    • Assessed epidermal thickness and rete pattern.
    • Measured epidermal cell division and anabolic activity using tritiated thymidine incorporation via autoradiography.

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    Main Results:

    • Hypothyroidism was associated with significantly reduced epidermal thickness and rete pattern.
    • Thyrotoxicosis showed increased rates of epidermal cell division and anabolic activity.
    • Autoradiographic labeling indices were 9.1% in thyrotoxic patients and 4.3% in hypothyroid patients.
    • Increased thyroid activity correlated better with epidermal changes than decreased activity.

    Conclusions:

    • Thyroid status markedly influences epidermal cell turnover and structure.
    • Hyperthyroidism stimulates epidermal proliferation and anabolic processes.
    • Hypothyroidism leads to epidermal atrophy and altered structural patterns.