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Subclinical and covert malnutrition

A E Bender

    Bulletin Der Schweizerischen Akademie Der Medizinischen Wissenschaften
    |March 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Overt and subclinical malnutrition have clear diagnostic signs. A newly proposed

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    Area of Science:

    • Nutritional Science
    • Human Physiology

    Background:

    • Malnutrition is typically categorized as overt (clinically evident) or subclinical (biochemically detected).
    • Subclinical malnutrition represents an unstable state that can progress to overt malnutrition if left untreated.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and define a new category of malnutrition: 'covert malnutrition'.
    • To describe conditions where individuals appear healthy despite inadequate nutrient intake.

    Main Methods:

    • Conceptualization of 'covert malnutrition' based on existing knowledge of nutrient-deficiency adaptation.
    • Illustration with examples of vitamin C, vitamin A, and protein intake.

    Main Results:

    • Identified a stable state of adaptation to low nutrient intake, termed 'covert malnutrition'.
    • Examples include sufficient vitamin C to prevent scurvy but not withstand stress, vitamin A deficiency masked by limited growth, and protein intake adequate for nitrogen balance but not stress.
    • Dietary surveys show individuals with seemingly inadequate nutrient intake who may be in this covert malnutrition state.

    Conclusions:

    • Covert malnutrition is a stable adaptive state to low nutrient intake, distinct from overt and subclinical forms.
    • Further research is needed to determine the health implications and long-term effects of covert malnutrition.

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