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Does welfare affect family processes and adolescent adjustment?

A Kalil1, J S Eccles

  • 1Program on Poverty and Social Welfare Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48104-2210, USA. akalil@umich.edu

Child Development
|January 23, 1999
PubMed
Summary

This study found minimal negative effects of welfare receipt on family processes and adolescent behaviors. However, welfare-receiving mothers reported fewer effective parenting practices compared to poor non-welfare families.

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Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Family Studies
  • Public Policy

Background:

  • Recent welfare reform emphasizes parental work and time limits.
  • Assumptions link welfare receipt to negative family and child outcomes.
  • Limited research exists on welfare's independent effects versus other factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate parenting behaviors, parent-adolescent relationships, and adolescent outcomes.
  • To compare families receiving Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) with poor non-welfare and non-poor families.
  • To examine the effects of welfare receipt on family dynamics and adolescent development.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative study of three family types: AFDC recipients, poor non-recipients, and non-poor families.
  • Focus on adolescents aged 11-15 and their families.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of parenting behaviors, parent-adolescent relationships, and adolescent attitudes/behaviors.

    • Main Results:

    • Minimal support found for the hypothesis that welfare receipt negatively impacts family processes and adolescent outcomes.
    • Mothers receiving welfare reported fewer effective parent management practices than their poor non-welfare counterparts.
    • Demographic, economic, and neighborhood factors' influence on family processes and child outcomes requires further investigation.

    Conclusions:

    • Welfare receipt itself appears to have limited negative associations with family processes and adolescent outcomes.
    • Parenting practices may be an area where welfare-dependent families differ from other low-income groups.
    • Findings have implications for social policy debates surrounding welfare reform and family support.