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The rotational angle in osteoarthritic knees

N Nagao1, T Tachibana, K Mizuno

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nakacho Red Cross Hospital, Hyogo, Japan.

International Orthopaedics
|January 23, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Osteoarthritis (OA) significantly alters knee joint rotation during weight-bearing. Early OA shows reduced internal rotation, with further rotational changes seen as medial compartment OA progresses.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Biomechanics
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Knee joint rotation during weight-bearing in osteoarthritis (OA) remains incompletely understood.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated the dynamic rotational changes associated with OA progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nature and extent of knee joint rotation during weight-bearing in osteoarthritic knees.
  • To utilize ultrasonic investigation to quantify dynamic rotational movements.

Main Methods:

  • A correlational study comparing ultrasound measurements of knee rotation with computed tomography (CT) scans.
  • Dynamic rotatory movements during weight-bearing were measured in 107 osteoarthritic knees and 40 control knees.

Main Results:

  • A strong correlation was found between rotational angles measured by ultrasound and CT.
  • Early Grade I osteoarthritic knees exhibited significantly less internal rotation at 20 degrees flexion compared to controls (-1.6 vs. -4.8 degrees).
  • External rotation at maximal extension and screw-home movement rotation decreased proportionally with medial compartment OA progression.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced internal rotation at early stages represents an initial pathological rotational change in knee OA.
  • This study clarifies the dynamic rotatory movements in osteoarthritic knees during weight-bearing, offering insights into OA biomechanics.

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