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[Acetaminophen-induced pneumonitis]
M Nakajima1, K Yoshida, N Miyashita
1Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki.
Summary
Acetaminophen, commonly found in cold medicines, can cause rare drug-induced pneumonitis. Prompt diagnosis and treatment, including stopping the medication and using steroids, led to patient recovery.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Acetaminophen is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic, often found in over-the-counter cold medications.
- Drug-induced lung injury is a significant concern, with various medications implicated in causing pulmonary toxicity.
- Identifying the causative agent is crucial for effective management of drug-induced pneumonitis.
Observation:
- A 49-year-old woman developed fever, cough, and dyspnea after taking acetaminophen for headache.
- Radiological imaging revealed ground-glass and reticulonodular opacities, suggestive of interstitial lung disease.
- Transbronchial lung biopsy showed lymphocytic and eosinophilic infiltration, granulomatous lesions, and macrophages.
Findings:
- A lymphocyte stimulation test confirmed acetaminophen as the causative agent for pneumonitis.
- Discontinuation of acetaminophen and treatment with oral prednisolone resulted in symptom resolution and radiographic improvement.
- The case highlights acetaminophen-induced pneumonitis as a rare but potential adverse effect.
Implications:
- Clinicians should consider acetaminophen-induced pneumonitis in patients presenting with unexplained respiratory symptoms, especially after recent acetaminophen use.
- Awareness of this rare adverse effect is important for timely diagnosis and management.
- Further research may elucidate the mechanisms and risk factors associated with acetaminophen-induced lung injury.