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Alkylfurans: effects of alkyl side-chain length on insecticidal activity
C R Rodriguez-Saona1, D F Maynard, S Phillips
1Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, and Department of Chemistry, California State University, San Bernardino, California 92407, USA.crod@ucrac1.ucr.edu
Abstract:
The insecticidal activity of five alkylfurans against the generalist insect herbivore beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, was examined. Two naturally occurring compounds, the avocadofurans 2-(pentadecyl)furan (1) and 2-(heptadecyl)furan (2), previously isolated from specialized avocado idioblast oil cells, and three homologues, 2-(tetradecyl)furan (3), 2-(hexadecyl)furan (4), and 2-(octadecyl)furan (5), were synthesized. Bioassays of alkylfurans 1-5 using a 9-day diet-incorporation initiated with neonates showed that all alkylfurans tested significantly increased S. exigua larval mortality and reduced larval weights, with maximal biological activity detected among the naturally occurring alkylfurans 1 and 2.