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Biodegradable interlocking nails for fracture fixation

M van der Elst1, J A Bramer, C P Klein

  • 1Department of Surgery, Free University Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
|January 26, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Biodegradable polymer nails offer a promising alternative to metal implants for long bone fractures. These implants support healing, avoid stress shielding, and eliminate the need for removal surgery.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Metallic fracture fixation devices cause issues like stress shielding and require removal surgery.
  • Biodegradable implants could eliminate the need for secondary operations, reducing patient discomfort.
  • Gradual load transfer from implants to bone promotes better bone healing and prevents stress shielding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate biodegradable polymer interlocking nails against traditional stainless steel nails in a sheep model.
  • To assess fracture healing, bone mechanical properties, implant degradation, and tissue response.
  • To monitor pH changes associated with biodegradable implant degradation.

Main Methods:

  • Two types of biodegradable polymer interlocking nails and one stainless steel nail were implanted in sheep.

Related Experiment Videos

  • A 2.5-year follow-up study monitored fracture healing, bone mechanics, degradation, and tissue response.
  • In vivo and in vitro degradation studies and pH measurements were conducted.

    • Main Results:

    • Fracture healing was not impaired in any group.
    • Mechanical testing showed excellent results for all three nail types.
    • Histologic analysis revealed only a mild inflammatory response, with no significant pH shifts observed.

    Conclusions:

    • Biodegradable polymer interlocking nails demonstrate potential as effective fracture fixation devices.
    • These materials provide adequate support and promote bone healing without adverse effects.
    • Further research is warranted for the clinical application of these promising biodegradable implants.