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Related Experiment Videos

Transfusion-transmitted diseases: risks, prevention and perspectives

A C Moor1, T M Dubbelman, J VanSteveninck

  • 1Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands. a.c.e.moor@mcb.medfac.leidenuniv.nl

European Journal of Haematology
|January 26, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Blood safety has significantly improved globally due to donor screening. However, residual risks from window-period donations and emerging pathogens like variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease persist, necessitating ongoing advancements in blood safety measures.

Area of Science:

  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Infectious Disease Control
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Major advancements in blood safety have been achieved globally over recent decades.
  • Donor counseling and screening for pathogens have enhanced blood product safety, particularly in developed nations.
  • Despite improvements, a residual risk of pathogen transmission remains, primarily due to window-period donations and emerging infectious agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state of blood safety globally.
  • To identify persistent risks and emerging threats to blood transfusion safety.
  • To discuss future strategies for enhancing blood safety.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature and practices in blood safety.
  • Analysis of residual risks associated with viral and other pathogens.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Exploration of new technologies and approaches for pathogen detection and inactivation.

    • Main Results:

    • Blood safety has markedly improved, but risks from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B and C viruses, and window-period donations persist.
    • Emerging pathogens, such as the agent of new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, pose unclear risks.
    • Common pathogens like cytomegalovirus (CMV) and parvovirus B19 present threats to immunosuppressed patient populations.
    • The situation in developing countries is less favorable due to higher infectious disease prevalence.

    Conclusions:

    • Further improvements in blood safety are anticipated with the adoption of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing and photochemical decontamination.
    • Continued vigilance and innovation are crucial to mitigate residual risks and address emerging threats in transfusion medicine.
    • Addressing the disparities in blood safety between developed and developing countries remains a critical challenge.