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Thoracic trauma in the elderly

I Inci1, C Ozçelik, O Nizam

  • 1Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Dicle University School of Medicine, Diyarbakir, Turkey.

European Journal of Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the European Society for Emergency Medicine
|January 27, 1999
PubMed
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Elderly patients with thoracic trauma face high morbidity and mortality. Higher Injury Severity Scores (ISS) significantly correlate with increased mortality risk in this vulnerable population.

Area of Science:

  • Trauma Surgery
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Thoracic Medicine

Background:

  • Thoracic trauma presents unique challenges in the elderly due to differing presentation and outcomes.
  • Elderly patients experience higher morbidity and mortality rates compared to younger adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the outcomes of thoracic trauma in patients aged 60 years and older.
  • To identify risk factors associated with morbidity and mortality in this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 101 patients (≥60 years) treated for thoracic trauma over a 6-year period.
  • Data collected included injury type (blunt vs. penetrating), Injury Severity Score (ISS), morbidity, and mortality rates.

Main Results:

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  • The study included 101 elderly patients; 85% were male, with a mean age of 64.5 years.
  • Blunt trauma accounted for 77.2% of injuries. The overall morbidity rate was 23.8% and mortality was 16.8%.
  • Mortality increased significantly with higher ISS: 70% for ISS > 25, 25% for ISS 17-25, and 5.9% for ISS < 16. Blunt trauma showed higher rates of morbidity and mortality compared to penetrating trauma.

Conclusions:

  • Thoracic trauma in the elderly is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality.
  • An elevated ISS, particularly >25, is a critical predictor of mortality in elderly trauma patients.
  • Clinical management strategies must acknowledge the heightened risk in this population, especially those with severe injuries.