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Neonatal meningitis and septicaemia caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei
1Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. dhalder@gto.net.om
Abstract:
We report a case of meningitis and one of fatal septicaemia in neonates due to Burkholderia pseudomallei and review the literature on neonatal melioidosis. Pneumonia was the primary presentation and was complicated by shock in the latter case. The epidemiological findings suggest that the cases reported from Malaysia were community-acquired in contrast with those from the USA and Thailand.
Insights
Neonatal melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, can lead to severe infections like meningitis and fatal septicemia. This review highlights community-acquired infections in Malaysia, differing from other regions.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal infectious diseases
- Bacteriology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Melioidosis is an emerging infectious disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei.
- Neonatal melioidosis is rare but associated with high mortality.
- Understanding the epidemiology and clinical presentation is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment.
Observation:
- This report details two cases of neonatal melioidosis: meningitis and fatal septicemia.
- Pneumonia was the primary clinical manifestation, with shock complicating the septicemia case.
- Epidemiological data suggests community-acquired infections in Malaysia.
Findings:
- Burkholderia pseudomallei is a significant cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis.
- Clinical presentations can range from pneumonia to fatal septicemia.
- Geographical variations in acquisition (community-acquired vs. hospital-acquired) are observed.
Implications:
- Early recognition of neonatal melioidosis is vital for timely intervention.
- Public health strategies may need to consider geographical differences in disease transmission.
- Further research into risk factors and prevention is warranted.