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Pseudomembranous colitis associated with antibiotics

A Medline, D H Shin, N M Medline

    Human Pathology
    |November 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Antibiotic-associated colitis, especially from lincomycin and clindamycin, can mimic inflammatory bowel disease. Distinctive pseudomembranes seen on rectal biopsy aid diagnosis.

    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Pathology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Antibiotic-associated colitis is a recognized clinical entity, frequently linked to lincomycin and clindamycin.
    • Distinguishing this condition from inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis) can be challenging clinically and radiologically.
    • Various antibiotics can induce a range of pathological changes in the colon.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the distinct pathological features of antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis.
    • To emphasize the diagnostic utility of rectal biopsy in identifying this condition.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of pathological features associated with antibiotic-induced colitis.
    • Focus on characteristic histological findings in the pseudomembranous form.

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  • Evaluation of rectal biopsy as a diagnostic tool.

    • Main Results:

    • The pseudomembranous form of antibiotic-associated colitis exhibits distinctive pathological features.
    • Key histological findings include a "mushroom-like" or "explosive" pseudomembrane.
    • A sharp transition from pseudomembrane to normal colonic mucosa is observed.
    • Rectal biopsy demonstrates high accuracy and speed in diagnosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Antibiotic-associated colitis, particularly the pseudomembranous type, has unique histological characteristics.
    • Rectal biopsy is an effective and rapid method for diagnosing antibiotic-associated colitis.
    • Histological examination is crucial for differentiating antibiotic-induced colitis from inflammatory bowel disease.