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[Diagnostic criteria for type 2 diabetes]

A Grimaldi1, A Heurtier

  • 1Service de diabétologie et métabolisme, Groupe hospitalier La Pitié-La Salpêtrière, Paris.

La Revue Du Praticien
|February 2, 1999
PubMed
Summary

The World Health Organization is lowering the diabetes diagnosis threshold to 7 mmol/L, simplifying early detection. This change aims to improve timely diagnosis and treatment initiation for diabetes.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Public Health

Context:

  • The World Health Organization (WHO) is updating the diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus.
  • Current diagnostic thresholds are being revised to improve correlation between fasting and post-load glucose levels.
  • The established link between glycemic values and retinopathy risk remains a key factor.

Purpose:

  • To introduce a new, lower glycemic threshold for diabetes diagnosis (7 mmol/L).
  • To enhance the correlation between fasting plasma glucose and 2-hour post-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) values.
  • To facilitate diabetes diagnosis without the need for an OGTT.

Summary:

  • The WHO is adopting a new definition for diabetes, lowering the diagnostic glycemic threshold from 7.7 mmol/L to 7 mmol/L.
  • This adjustment aims to better align fasting glycemia with 2-hour post-load values, enabling diagnosis based on fasting glucose alone.
  • New categories include normal (< 6.05 mmol/L), impaired fasting glucose (≥ 6.05 to < 7.0 mmol/L), and diabetic (≥ 7.0 mmol/L) values.

Impact:

  • The revised definition is expected to improve the earliness of diabetes diagnosis and subsequent treatment.
  • Impaired fasting glucose will be recognized as a significant risk factor for both diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
  • Simplification of diagnostic criteria may lead to wider adoption and improved public health outcomes in diabetes management.

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