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Primary aortojejunal fistula: a case report

P W Brown1, D M Sailors, J R Headrick

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Chattanooga 37403, USA.

The American Surgeon
|February 2, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Primary aortoenteric fistulae (AEFs) are rare vascular conditions with high mortality. Early diagnosis and surgical intervention are critical for patient survival.

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Gastroenterology
  • Abdominal Imaging

Background:

  • Primary aortoenteric fistulae (AEFs) are exceedingly rare vascular anomalies.
  • Reported cases are fewer than 250 globally as of 1996, with incidence under 1%.

Observation:

  • Atherosclerosis is the predominant etiology (over two-thirds of cases).
  • Other causes include malignancy, peptic ulcers, gallstones, diverticulitis, appendicitis, and foreign bodies.
  • Key diagnostic indicators include a "herald bleed," flank/abdominal pain, hematemesis, melena, and abdominal mass.

Findings:

  • Over 80% of primary AEFs involve the duodenum, typically in the third or fourth portions.
  • Mortality rates for AEFs range significantly from 33% to 85%.

Implications:

  • High index of suspicion is crucial for timely diagnosis of AEF.
  • Prompt surgical intervention is essential for improving survival outcomes in AEF patients.

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