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Nutrition, osteoporosis, and aging

B E Nordin1, A G Need, T Steurer

  • 1Division of Clinical Biochemistry, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. christopher.nordin@imvs.sa.gov.au

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|February 3, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Aging causes bone loss, influenced by calcium, salt, protein, and vitamin D. Supplementation with calcium and vitamin D can slow bone loss and reduce fracture risk in women.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Bone loss is a common aging process, averaging 0.5-1% annually from midlife.
  • Key nutrients influencing bone health include calcium, salt, protein, and vitamin D, particularly in women.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the role of specific nutrients in age-related bone loss.
  • To evaluate the impact of nutrient supplementation on bone density and fracture risk.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of existing calcium trials (meta-analysis of 20 trials).
  • Review of the effects of salt restriction, protein intake, and vitamin D levels on bone metabolism.

Main Results:

  • Calcium supplementation generally arrests bone loss, though effectiveness may vary post-menopause.
  • Salt restriction lowers bone resorption rates in postmenopausal women.

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  • Vitamin D supplementation retards bone loss and reduces hip fracture incidence in elderly women.

    • Conclusions:

    • Nutrient intake, specifically calcium, salt, protein, and vitamin D, significantly impacts age-related bone loss.
    • Supplementation with calcium and vitamin D offers a viable strategy to mitigate bone loss and fracture risk in aging populations, especially women.