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Epithalamus calcifications in schizophrenia

A Caputo1, L Ghiringhelli, M Dieci

  • 1Institute of Psychiatry, Biological Psychiatry Unit, Pad. Guardia II., Milan, Italy.

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
|February 3, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Schizophrenia patients show larger epithalamus calcifications (EC) but not choroid plexus calcifications (CPC). These EC increases correlate with brain atrophy, suggesting a link to schizophrenia pathophysiology.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Psychiatric Disorders
  • Calcification Research

Background:

  • Calcifications in brain regions like the epithalamus and choroid plexus are observed in various neurological conditions.
  • The role of these calcifications in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and size of epithalamus calcifications (EC) and choroid plexus calcifications (CPC) in individuals with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls.
  • To explore associations between cerebral calcifications and demographic variables, ventricular size, and cortical atrophy in schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

  • Computed tomography (CT) scans were analyzed for 64 schizophrenic patients and 31 healthy controls.
  • Measurements of epithalamus calcifications (EC) and choroid plexus calcifications (CPC) were performed.

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  • Statistical analyses examined correlations with demographic data and brain morphology.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant increase in the size of epithalamus calcifications (EC) was observed in schizophrenic patients.
    • No significant differences in the prevalence or dimension of choroid plexus calcifications (CPC) were found between groups.
    • Increased EC size was not related to illness duration, suggesting it is not iatrogenic or secondary to the disease process.

    Conclusions:

    • Epithalamus calcifications are significantly larger in individuals with schizophrenia.
    • The findings suggest a potential association between epithalamus calcifications, cortical atrophy, and third-ventricle enlargement in schizophrenia.
    • These calcifications may be linked to lesions in third-periventricular areas and neural circuitries implicated in schizophrenia pathophysiology.