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Eosinophilic gastroenteritis and Anisakis

B Gómez1, A I Tabar, T Tuñón

  • 1Allergology Section, Hospital Virgen del Camino, Pamplona, Spain.

Allergy
|February 4, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Anisakiasis, a parasitic infection, is frequently involved in eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG). Routine testing for Anisakis simplex antibodies is recommended before diagnosing primary EG.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Allergology
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG) diagnosis requires differentiating it from parasitic infections like anisakiasis.
  • Anisakiasis is a globally significant parasitic disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Anisakis simplex in the development of primary eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 10 primary EG patients diagnosed between 1989-1996.
  • Control groups included 149 healthy subjects and 10 patients with non-EG digestive disorders.
  • Skin prick tests, total and specific IgE measurements, and histologic examination were performed.

Main Results:

  • 80% of EG patients showed sensitization to Anisakis simplex, compared to 10% in control groups.

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  • EG patients had significantly higher odds of Anisakis simplex sensitization (OR 36-40).
  • Histologic examination in one case revealed an Anisakis larva.

    • Conclusions:

    • Specific antibody testing for Anisakis should be standard practice before diagnosing primary EG.
    • Preventive strategies against Anisakis infection are crucial.