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Related Experiment Videos

Studies on cell communication with enucleated human fibroblasts

R P Cox, M R Krauss, M E Balis

    The Journal of Cell Biology
    |December 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Metabolic cooperation corrects mutant cells through cell-to-cell transfer of essential molecules. This process does not require protein synthesis or an intact nucleus, as demonstrated by enucleated cells effectively communicating with mutant cells.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Biochemistry
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Metabolic cooperation is a cell communication process where normal cells correct the phenotype of mutant cells lacking specific enzymes.
    • Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) deficiency is a model for studying metabolic cooperation.
    • Radioautography is a key technique for visualizing molecular transfer during cell communication.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the cellular requirements for metabolic cooperation.
    • To determine the role of protein synthesis and nuclear control in cell communication.
    • To identify the nature of molecules transferred during metabolic cooperation.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing cells deficient in hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT-) and normal HPRT+ cells.

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  • Employing enucleated cells and karyoplasts to assess nuclear and cytoplasmic contributions.
  • Employing radioautography to track the transfer of [3H]hypoxanthine and related compounds.

    • Main Results:

    • Cell junction formation for metabolic cooperation does not require protein synthesis or immediate nuclear control.
    • Enucleated normal cells efficiently engage in metabolic cooperation with HPRT- mutant cells.
    • Karyoplasts (nuclei with minimal cytoplasm) are inefficient communicators.
    • The correction of the mutant phenotype relies on the transfer of small molecules, likely nucleotides or their derivatives.

    Conclusions:

    • Metabolic cooperation is mediated by the transfer of small molecules between communicating cells.
    • The cell nucleus and protein synthesis are not essential for the initiation of metabolic cooperation.
    • Enucleated cells serve as effective donors in metabolic cooperation, highlighting the importance of cytoplasmic components and molecule transfer.