Endocrinological status of patients with periodontal disease

The aim of the present study was to determine whether changes in the endocrinologic status occur in patients with progressive forms of periodontal disease and, if so, what their role is. For this purpose the function of hypophysis, concentration of pituitary and accessory gland hormones, parathormone, calcium, phosphorous, glucose and lipids in blood were determined. The study was carried out in 77 subjects, 37 patients with advanced periodontal disease, and 40 control subjects with normal periodontium. Blood glucose was significantly lower in the study group (p < 0.01%) which was surprising, since increased glucose values are known to favor the development of periodontal disease. Growth hormone was significantly lower in the study group (p < 0.01%). Concentrations of parathormone calcium and phosphorous were also lower in the study group. Among sex hormones, only estradiol was found to have a significantly lower value in the study group (p = 0.92%). Although the values of nearly all hormones were within the reference range, the within-group analysis showed significant differences for some hormones. In general, these results were lower in subjects with advanced periodontal disease.