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Related Experiment Videos

Separating growth from elastic deformation during cell enlargement

Proseus1, Ortega, Boyer

  • 1College of Marine Studies, University of Delaware, Lewes, Delaware 19958 (T.E.P., J.S.B.).

Plant Physiology
|February 10, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Plant cells change size through elastic deformation and growth. Researchers separated these processes in Chara corallina, revealing that turgor pressure directly influences growth rate, suggesting biochemical control.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Cell Physiology

Background:

  • Plant cells exhibit both elastic deformation and growth in response to turgor pressure changes.
  • Observing growth independently has been challenging due to its co-occurrence with elastic deformation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To separate and observe plant cell growth independently of elastic deformation.
  • To investigate the direct impact of turgor pressure on cell growth in *Chara corallina*.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a pressure probe to manipulate turgor pressure in *Chara corallina* internode cells.
  • Measured cell length continuously at both warm and low temperatures to differentiate elastic and growth responses.
  • Subtracted elastic deformation (measured at low temperature) from total elongation (measured at warm temperature) to isolate growth.

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Main Results:

  • Cell size responded immediately to turgor pressure changes, affecting apparent growth rates.
  • Low temperatures eliminated growth, confirming its independence from elastic effects.
  • Isolated growth measurements showed rapid shifts to new steady rates following turgor alterations, with no immediate wall property adjustments.
  • Growth rate demonstrated significant sensitivity to temperature.

Conclusions:

  • Elastic deformation and growth in plant cells are distinct processes.
  • Turgor pressure directly and rapidly modulates cell growth rate.
  • Plant cell growth is likely regulated by turgor-sensitive biochemical reactions rather than solely by passive polymer extension.