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Weight, length, ponderal index, and intrauterine growth retardation in Brazil

P H Rondó1

  • 1Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Brazil.

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
|February 11, 1999
PubMed

Insights

This study classified intrauterine growth-retarded (IUGR) newborns in Brazil into four subtypes based on weight, length, and ponderal index. Most IUGR infants were proportional, with subtypes A and D being most common.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Human Growth and Development

Background:

  • Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) affects fetal development, necessitating classification for targeted interventions.
  • Understanding IUGR subtypes is crucial for assessing impacts on neonatal health and long-term outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To classify intrauterine growth-retarded (IUGR) newborns in urban Brazil into four subtypes.
  • To categorize IUGR infants based on weight, length, and ponderal index (PI) using established standards.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Lubchenco standards for weight, length, and PI relative to gestational age.
  • Determined gestational age using the Capurro method.
  • Followed Jelliffe and Jelliffe recommendations for anthropometric measurements.

Main Results:

  • Classified 356 IUGR newborns into subtypes A (short length, adequate PI), B (adequate length, low PI), C (short length, low PI), and D (adequate length, adequate PI).
  • 98% of IUGR infants were classified as type I (proportional): 48% subtype A and 50% subtype D (slightly thin).
  • Subtypes B and C represented a small proportion (1.4% and 0.6%, respectively).

Conclusions:

  • The four IUGR subtypes likely indicate the timing of adverse growth factors during pregnancy.
  • This classification is vital for understanding the varying impacts of IUGR.
  • Further research into risk factors and predictive value for morbidity, growth, and mortality of these subtypes is warranted.

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