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Hyperhydrating with glycerol: implications for athletic performance

¹Exercise and Sports Science Department, Vanguard University of Southern California, Costa Mesa 92626, USA.

Journal of the American Dietetic Association

|February 11, 1999

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Glycerol supplementation may enhance hydration status and athletic performance. However, research results are mixed due to varying study methods, and some athletes experience side effects like nausea.

Area of Science:

Sports Nutrition
Exercise Physiology
Human Performance

Background:

Dehydration significantly impairs athletic performance and increases heat injury risk.
Glycerol, a hyperhydrating agent, is commercially available as a sports supplement.
Its effectiveness is debated due to inconsistent research findings.

Purpose of the Study:

To review glycerol-induced hyperhydration research.
To assess the safety of glycerol ingestion.
To discuss commercial glycerol availability and future research.

Main Methods:

Review of existing glycerol hyperhydration studies.
Analysis of methodological variations (exercise intensity, environment, dosage).
Examination of reported side effects and safety data.

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Main Results:

Research on glycerol's ergogenic effects remains equivocal.
Standard dosage: 1 g/kg body weight with 1.5 L fluid 60-120 min pre-exercise.
Some individuals report gastrointestinal discomfort (bloating, nausea).

Conclusions:

Glycerol shows potential as a hyperhydrating agent.
Further standardized research is needed to clarify its benefits and optimal use.
Dietitians should be aware of glycerol's role in sports nutrition.