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Updated: Aug 15, 2026
Culturing of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells on an Ex Vivo Model of Aged Human Bruch's Membrane
Published on: April 12, 2018
Collagen production by cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells
K Kigasawa1, H Ishikawa, H Obazawa
1Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Tokai University, Kanagawa, Japan.
Abstract:
We investigated extracellular matrix produced by human retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) in vitro using electron microscopy and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The thickness of the matrix under the cell layer was about 30 microns after 360 days of culture. It consisted mainly of fibrous and granular components. Type IV and V collagen were detected but type I and III were not detected by ELISA. It appeared that RPE can secrete type IV and V collagen and form a thick membrane which may cause proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) by contraction. Control of RPE proliferation and secretion of extracellular matrix is indispensable for prevention of PVR.
Insights
Human retinal pigment epithelial cells create a thick extracellular matrix in vitro. This matrix, rich in collagen types IV and V, may contribute to proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) development.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a severe complication of retinal detachment.
- The role of extracellular matrix (ECM) produced by retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in PVR pathogenesis is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the characteristics of ECM produced by human RPE cells in vitro.
- To determine the potential contribution of RPE-derived ECM to PVR.
Main Methods:
- Human RPE cells were cultured in vitro for 360 days.
- Extracellular matrix was analyzed using electron microscopy.
- Collagen types in the ECM were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Main Results:
- A thick ECM layer (approx. 30 microns) formed under cultured RPE cells.
- The ECM comprised fibrous and granular components.
- Type IV and V collagen were detected; Type I and III collagen were not detected.
Conclusions:
- Human RPE cells secrete Type IV and V collagen to form a substantial ECM.
- This RPE-derived ECM may contribute to PVR through contraction.
- Controlling RPE proliferation and ECM secretion is crucial for PVR prevention.
