Activated T cells acquire endothelial cell surface determinants during transendothelial migration

Activated T cells acquire endothelial cell (EC) plasma membrane constituents during transendothelial migration. This was assessed using an in vitro model system in which human peripheral blood CD4+ T cells migrated through confluent monolayers of HUVEC. Flow cytometry of migrated CD4+ T cells demonstrated that activated, but not resting, T cells acquired a variety of endothelial surface determinants, including CD31, CD49d, CD54, CD61, and CD62E. The extracellular domains of these molecules were detected on migrated T cells with mAbs, including those directed to the ligand-binding regions. A number of approaches were employed to document that the acquisition of these molecules was uniquely accomplished by activated T cells and clearly involved transfer from both resting and TNF-alpha-activated EC. Acquisition of endothelial markers by activated T cells occurred as part of the transfer of membrane components, as migrating T cells acquired EC membranes prelabeled with the lipophilic dye, 3,3'-dihexadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate (DiOC-16), along with EC surface proteins. Thus, during transendothelial migration, activated T cells acquire endothelial membrane components, and as a result may deliver them to perivascular sites.