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Related Experiment Videos

Mesalazine-induced eosinophilic pneumonia

K Tanigawa1, K Sugiyama, H Matsuyama

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Kohseikai Hospital, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Nagasaki, Japan.

Respiration; International Review of Thoracic Diseases
|February 12, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Mesalazine, a treatment for ulcerative colitis, can rarely cause eosinophilic pneumonia, a lung condition. Patients on mesalazine with unexplained respiratory symptoms should be evaluated for this rare side effect.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Mesalazine (5-aminosalicylic acid) is a common first-line treatment for mild to moderate UC.
  • Drug-induced lung injury is a known, albeit uncommon, complication of various medications.

Observation:

  • A 35-year-old woman with UC on mesalazine presented with dry cough, fever, and pulmonary infiltrates.
  • Symptoms and lung abnormalities resolved after discontinuing mesalazine.
  • Transbronchial lung biopsy revealed eosinophilic pneumonia.

Findings:

  • The patient's presentation was consistent with drug-induced eosinophilic pneumonia.
  • A drug lymphocyte stimulation test confirmed mesalazine hypersensitivity.

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  • Mesalazine was identified as the causative agent, while sulfasalazine and sulfapyridine were ruled out.

    • Implications:

    • Mesalazine-induced eosinophilic pneumonia is a rare but significant adverse drug reaction.
    • Clinicians should consider mesalazine-induced eosinophilic pneumonia in UC patients with new respiratory symptoms.
    • Prompt diagnosis and withdrawal of mesalazine are crucial for patient recovery.