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Vitamin A absorption in ascariasis

D Mahalanabis, K N Jalan, T K Maitra

    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    |December 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Ascariasis, a parasitic worm infection, significantly impairs vitamin A absorption in adults. Treating ascariasis improves vitamin A absorption, suggesting it contributes to vitamin A deficiency.

    Area of Science:

    • Nutritional science
    • Parasitology
    • Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • Vitamin A deficiency is a global health concern, particularly in regions with high parasitic infection rates.
    • Ascariasis is a common intestinal nematode infection affecting millions worldwide.
    • Impaired nutrient absorption is a known complication of intestinal parasitic infections.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of ascariasis on vitamin A absorption in adult patients.
    • To determine if vitamin A malabsorption improves after treatment for ascariasis.

    Main Methods:

    • A simplified vitamin A absorption test was administered to 28 adult patients with ascariasis and 12 healthy controls.
    • A D-xylose absorption test was performed on 23 patients.

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  • Vitamin A absorption was re-evaluated in patients after anthelmintic treatment.

    • Main Results:

    • Over 70% of ascariasis patients exhibited vitamin A malabsorption.
    • Vitamin A malabsorption severity did not correlate with stool egg counts.
    • Following worm expulsion, vitamin A absorption improved in 13 of 14 patients, with nine reaching normal levels.
    • Seven out of 23 patients showed impaired D-xylose excretion, indicating potential small intestinal dysfunction.

    Conclusions:

    • Ascariasis significantly contributes to vitamin A malabsorption in adults.
    • Treatment of ascariasis can restore vitamin A absorption, mitigating deficiency risk.
    • This highlights the importance of controlling ascariasis in populations with marginal vitamin A intake to prevent deficiency.