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Related Experiment Videos

Why is allergy increasing?--environmental factors

R J Davies1, C Rusznak, J L Devalia

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, The London Chest Hospital, UK.

Clinical and Experimental Allergy : Journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|February 13, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Allergic conditions are rising, possibly due to air pollution. Pollutants like diesel exhaust and cigarette smoke may increase airway sensitivity to allergens, worsening allergic diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Immunology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Epidemiological data show a rise in allergic conditions over recent decades, particularly in developed nations.
  • Despite this increase, grass pollen seasons have reportedly decreased in severity.
  • Traffic pollution and specific pollutants like diesel exhaust, cigarette smoke, ozone (O3), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are implicated in exacerbating allergic responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential link between air pollutants and increased allergic conditions.
  • To explore how environmental factors influence airway epithelium susceptibility to allergens.
  • To understand the cellular mechanisms by which pollutants modulate allergic airway inflammation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological data on allergic condition trends.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of laboratory findings on pollutant effects on airway cells.
  • Examination of in vitro study results concerning cigarette smoke and allergen sensitivity.
  • Consideration of evidence on ozone and nitrogen dioxide interactions with allergic responses.

    • Main Results:

    • Epidemiological studies indicate a correlation between allergic diseases and traffic pollution.
    • Laboratory studies suggest diesel exhaust particles enhance allergen sensitivity.
    • In vitro findings show cigarette smoke may increase airway epithelium susceptibility to allergens.
    • Ozone and nitrogen dioxide exposure can augment allergic airway responses in individuals with asthma and rhinitis.

    Conclusions:

    • Air pollutants, including traffic-related emissions and cigarette smoke, are likely contributors to the increasing prevalence and severity of allergic conditions.
    • Pollutants may act by increasing airway susceptibility to allergens and modulating inflammatory cell activity.
    • Further research into cellular mechanisms is needed to fully elucidate the role of environmental pollutants in allergic diseases.