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Symbolic distance between numerosity and identity modulates Stroop interference

A Pavese1, C Umiltà

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene 97403-1227, USA. pavese@darkwing.uoregon.edu

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
|February 13, 1999
PubMed
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Digits that are numerically closer to their quantity create more interference in a number Stroop task. This semantic distance effect suggests number identity activates an internal number line.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Numerical Cognition
  • Experimental Psychology

Background:

  • The numerical Stroop task measures interference between number magnitude and number word meaning.
  • Investigating the relationship between digit identity and quantity representation is crucial for understanding numerical cognition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the impact of the arithmetic difference between stimulus identity and numerosity on interference in a numerical Stroop task.
  • To determine if a semantic distance effect exists and how it is influenced by numerosity and enumeration processes.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty undergraduates completed a numerical Stroop task.
  • The experiment manipulated the arithmetic difference between digit identity and stimulus numerosity.
  • Interference was measured based on response accuracy and reaction time.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Digits symbolically close to the enumeration response yielded greater interference than those farther away (semantic distance effect).
  • This effect was consistent across various numerosities (1-9) and enumeration methods (counting, subitizing).
  • The semantic distance effect intensified with increasing numerosity in the subitizing range.

Conclusions:

  • Digit identity automatically activates a magnitude representation.
  • This representation appears to be organized along a compressed mental number line.
  • Findings contribute to models of numerical processing and semantic representation.